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The purpose of this study was to investigate how conservatism affects a person's perception of everyday details. It is hypothesized that there will be a positive correlation between the participants' conservative ratings and the amount of details from the readings they recall that are also conservative. This will also mean that there will be a negative correlation between the participants scoring higher on the conservatism scale and the amount of liberal details they recall. A similar pattern is expected to be discovered pertaining to participants that identify as more liberal. How is this measured? The participants will be asked to rate the their political views on a scale of 1-6, 1 being extremely liberal, and 6 being extremely conservative. A transcript of a political debate will contain views that are both conservative and liberal. Each view will be backed up by details supporting each of a candidate's policies. The transcript will include minor grammatical errors including punctuation, spelling, and tenses, all of which the participant will be asked to correct. Following this will be a mathematical task which will include converting mixed numbers to improper fractions at the difficulty of a fifth grade level. A memory recall task will then be administered to the participants asking them to recall as many of the details from the debate as possible. ; 2011-05-01 ; B.S. ; Sciences, Department of Psychology ; Masters ; This record was generated from author submitted information.

This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. There is an urgent need for a book of this nature which provides students with all the essential information required and a full definition of terms. A perfect companion to European politics today, written by the same authors, this book presents past events, prominent personalities, important dates, organisations and electoral information in an accessible, easy-to-read format. The book is split into five sections for ease of use: a dictionary of significant political events, a chronology of major events in Europe since 1945, a biographical dictionary, a dictionary of political organisations and electoral data. In addition to being a comprehensive reference tool, this book is intended to provide a sound historical background to the development of Western European politics

This paper analyses the challenges that governments face in dealing with illicit armed groups that have built up local power positions. It analyses an accommodating government response to gangs - a local gang truce - in a Salvadoran town, and its aftermath that was characterised by a renewed crack down on gangs. The paper argues that the local truce did not seem to limit the control of gangs, but rather led to some modifications in the use of violence by gangs towards the population, and the degree and forms of extortion. However, while the 'war on gangs' that followed the local gang truce had a more disruptive effect on the control of gangs, it was not able to stop or break their control either. The paper concludes with some lessons that can be learned from this case study. Resumen: Respuestas gubernamentales al poder las pandillas: De la tregua a la guerra de bandas en El SalvadorEste artículo reflexiona sobre los desafíos a los que se enfrentan los gobiernos al tratar con los grupos armados ilícitos que han establecido posiciones de poder locales. Analiza una respuesta del gobierno (una tregua local) a las pandillas en la ciudad de Nueva Concepción, El Salvador, y sus consecuencias, que se caracterizaron por una nueva represión. Estas respuestas no lograron romper el poder de las pandillas. Si bien la tregua local había provocado algunas modificaciones en el uso de la violencia por parte de las pandillas y el grado y las formas de extorsión que utilizaban, la "guerra contra las pandillas" que siguió a la tregua local de pandillas tuvo un efecto más perturbador, ya que no pudo detenerla ni eliminar su control. El documento muestra que diferentes respuestas pueden tener lugar simultáneamente, afectándose unas a otras de manera intencionada e involuntaria. Al reconocer la profunda disputa sobre la "combinación correcta de políticas" en situaciones en las que el poder del estado se enfrenta violentamente, también se analizan algunos de los desafíos y las posibilidades de combinar enfoques acomodaticios, represivos y preventivos. Palabras clave: Respuestas del gobierno, grupos ilícitos, pandillas, poder, tregua, El Salvador.

1. Introduction -- 2. Radical democracy in the Marxist tradition -- 3. Hegel as revolutionary: reconsidering Marxism's philosophical heritage -- 4. New forces of resistance: anti-essentialist revolutionary subjectivity in Marxist theory -- 5. Beyond the politics of difference: foundations of a critical Marxism for the 21st century.

This article argues that global egalitarian accounts of global justice are insufficient and inappropriate to the task of thinking globally about justice. This article argues that the most pervasive approaches to cosmopolitanism, and in particular global egalitarian accounts, are of limited utility because they assume the existence of suitable preconditions which are absent, in particular the lack of a global reflective equilibrium. In so doing, they ignore the requisite precondition for their own thought to be either persuasive or possible as a basis for genuine conduct or institutional reform. This article argues that the task for cosmopolitan thought is to think about how cosmopolitanism can in the words of Richard Rorty be 'shaped rather than found' and what that would mean for how we construct accounts of global justice and other pressing cosmopolitan issues. It concludes that developing a theory of global justice requires at least a theoretical engagement with non-Western political thought.